Next-generation　desalination　technologies　are　needed　to　meet　the　increasing　demand　for　clean　water.　Capacitive　deionization　(CDI)　is　a　thermodynamically　efficient　technique　to　treat　non-potable　water　with　relatively　low　salinity.　The　salt　removal　capacity　and　rate　of　CDI　are　highly　dependent　on　the　electrode　materials,　which　are　preferentially　porous　to　store　ions　through　electrosorption　and/or　redox　reactions.　Metal-organic　frameworks　(MOFs)　with　＂infinite＂　combinations　of　transition　metals　and　organic　linkers　simplify　the　production　of　carbonaceous　materials　often　with　redox-active　components　after　pyrolysis.　MOFs-derived　materials　show　great　tunability　in　both　compositions　and　structures　but　require　further　refinement　to　improve　CDI　performance.　This　review　article　summarizes　recent　progress　in　derivatives　of　MOFs　and　MOF-like　materials　used　as　CDI　electrodes,　focusing　on　the　structural　and　compositional　material　considerations　as　well　as　the　processing　parameters　and　electrode　architectures　of　the　device.　Furthermore,　the　challenges　and　opportunities　associated　with　this　research　area　are　also　discussed.