Carbon　emission　allowance　(CEA)　has　become　a　scarce　resource　against　global　climate　change.　Hence,　the　CEA　allocation　scheme　is　critical　to　improving　its　utilization　efficiency　and　balancing　regional　development.　However,　most　of　the　existing　literature　mainly　focused　on　the　formulation　of　allocation　schemes　but　ignored　the　examination　of　CEA　misallocation,　which　may　damage　productivity　and　regional　development.　This　study　intends　to　conduct　a　comparative　analysis　of　Chinese　provincial　CEA　allocation　schemes　by　2030　from　a　perspective　of　resource　misallocation.　For　this　purpose,　15　provincial　CEA　allocation　schemes　by　2030　based　on　the　indicator　method　are　developed　first.　Then　a　CEA　misallocation　index　deriving　from　the　extended　Gini　coefficient　is　proposed　to　examine　the　CEA　misallocation　of　proposed　schemes.　Finally,　an　empirical　analysis　of　China＇s　provincial　CEA　allocation　by　2030　is　conducted.　The　results　indicate　that　provincial　CEA　misallocation　indeed　occurs　under　the　proposed　allocation　schemes　with　the　CEA　misallocation　index　ranging　from　0.209　to　0.311,　and　the　scheme　based　upon　the　efficiency　principle　has　a　relatively　minimum　misallocation　index　at　0.209.　Furthermore,　CEA　misallocation　is　related　to　the　carbon　intensity　reduction　rate,　and　the　scheme　based　on　the　efficiency　principle　could　further　achieve　optimal　CEA　allocation　when　the　carbon　intensity　reduction　rate　decreases.　We　suggest　relevant　decision-makers　focus　on　the　efficiency　principle　when　developing　a　provincial　CEA　allocation　scheme　as　it　has　strength　in　avoiding　CEA　misallocation.