The　regeneration　of　the　injured　nerve　and　recovery　of　its　function　have　brought　attention　in　the　medical　field.　Electrical　stimulation　(ES)　can　enhance　the　cellular　biological　behavior　and　has　been　widely　studied　in　the　treatment　of　neurological　diseases.　Microfluidic　technology　can　provide　a　cell　culture　platform　with　the　well-controlled　environment.　Here　a　novel　microfluidic/microelectrode　composite　microdevice　was　developed　by　embedding　the　microelectrodes　to　the　microfluidic　platform,　in　which　microfluidics　provided　a　controlled　cell　culture　platform,　and　ES　promoted　the　NSCs　proliferation.　We　performed　ES　on　rat　neural　stem　cells　(NSCs)　to　observe　the　effect　on　their　growth,　differentiation,　proliferation,　and　preliminary　explored　the　ES　influence　on　cells　in　vitro.　The　results　of　immunofluorescence　showed　that　ES　had　no　significant　effect　on　the　NSCs　specific　expression,　and　the　NSCs　specific　expression　reached　98.9%　+/-　0.4%　after　three　days　of　ES.　In　addition,　ES　significantly　promoted　cell　growth　and　the　cell　proliferation　rate　reached　49.41%.　To　conclude,　the　microfluidic/microelectrode　composite　microdevice　can　play　a　positive　role　in　the　nerve　injury　repair　and　fundamental　research　of　neurological　diseases.　(C)　2021　Published　by　Elsevier　B.V.　on　behalf　of　Chinese　Chemical　Society　and　Institute　of　Materia　Medica,　Chinese　Academy　of　Medical　Sciences.