Water　and　land　resources　are　related　to　the　security　and　stability　of　agricultural　production,　and　the　degree　of　matching　in　time　and　space　directly　affects　regional　agricultural　production　capacity　and　sustainable　agricultural　development.　This　paper　intends　to　use　the　panel　data　of　nine　provinces　in　the　Yellow　River　Basin　from　2000　to　2019　and　incorporate　the　static　and　dynamic　spatial　Durbin　models　with　spatial　effects　under　the　geographical　adjacency　matrix　and　the　comprehensive　weight　matrix　of　economic　geography,　so　as　to　explore　the　direct　effects　and　indirect　effects,　short-term　effects　and　long-term　effects　of　the　matching　coefficient　of　agricultural　water　and　land　resources　on　the　agricultural　economic　growth　in　the　Yellow　River　Basin.　The　results　show　the　following:　(1)　The　matching　situation　of　agricultural　water　and　land　resources　in　different　provinces　along　the　Yellow　River　Basin　are　different;　some　are　relatively　short　of　water　resources,　some　are　relatively　balanced　in　water　and　land　resources,　and　some　are　relatively　short　of　land　resources.　(2)　The　static　spatial　Durbin　model　shows　that　the　direct　effect　of　the　matching　coefficient　of　agricultural　water　and　land　resources　on　the　agricultural　economic　growth　of　the　province　is　not　significant;　the　indirect　effect　and　the　total　effect　of　the　spatial　spillover　is　significantly　positive.　(3)　The　dynamic　spatial　Durbin　model　under　the　two　matrix　forms　shows　that　the　short-term　total　effect　of　the　matching　coefficient　of　agricultural　water　and　land　resources　on　agricultural　economic　growth　is　significantly　positive,　while　the　long-term　total　effect　is　significantly　negative,　and　the　direction　and　degree　of　the　short-term　and　long-term　effects　are　inconsistent.　This　study　provides　a　comprehensive　analysis　framework　from　the　perspective　of　local　and　neighborhood　effect,　and　short-term　and　long-term　effect,　which　can　provide　a　reference　to　reasonably　adjust　the　matching　of　agricultural　water　and　land　resources　to　promote　agricultural　sustainable　economic　growth,　especially　for　developing　countries.