With　the　advantages　of　avoiding　land-use　competition,　biomass　from　agricultural　residues　is　a　promising　solution　to　alleviate　the　energy　crisis　and　environmental　problems.　In　the　traditional　biomass　utilization　management　problem,　few　studies　have　considered　that　land　and　water　are　key　resources　for　the　sustainable　development　of　biomass　from　a　life　cycle　view.　Concerning　the　complex　food-water-energy　nexus,　this　paper　focuses　on　the　synergetic　management　of　crop　planting　structure　and　biomass　utilization　as　a　whole　system.　An　integrated　framework　is　proposed　for　the　co-optimization　of　cropland　distribution　and　biomass　utilization　pathway　under　multiple　uncertainties.　Base　on　interval　programming　and　fuzzy　set　theory,　a　type-2　fuzzy　interval　linear　programming　model　is　developed　to　handle　multiple　uncertainties　with　various　characteristics　and　provide　the　optimum　strategies　for　decision　makers　with　different　risk　preferences.　The　proposed　framework　is　verified　by　a　case　study　of　Hebei　Province,　China.　Moreover,　the　impacts　of　water　shortage　and　the　implementation　of　the　carbon　price　on　the　optimized　strategies,　economic　and　environmental　benefits　are　investigated　to　provide　deeper　management　insights　when　facing　complex　external　factors.　The　obtained　results　suggest　that　corn　and　wheat　will　still　be　the　primary　crops,　and　bioethanol　production　will　gain　priority　in　the　biomass　utilization　pathways　for　economic　purposes.　Water　resources　availability　will　greatly　affect　the　crop　planting　allocation　as　well　as　total　benefits　but　barely　influence　the　biomass　utilization　pathways.　Furthermore,　with　the　implementation　of　the　carbon　trade　market,　a　higher　carbon　price　will　stimulate　biomass　pellets　production　to　replace　fossil　fuel　consumption　and　improve　the　economic　benefits　directly.