Bridge　piers　have　a　high　risk　of　being　attacked　in　wartime,　which　has　the　potential　to　trigger　progressive　bridge　collapse.　This　study　aims　to　predict　the　failure　probability　of　reinforced　con-crete　(RC)　piers　exposed　to　military　attack　scenarios.　Field　explosion　test　and　axial　compression　test　were　conducted　to　investigate　the　damage　and　post-blast　performance　of　the　RC　pier　first.　Then,　the　uncertainties　sourcing　from　the　weapon　accuracy　were　investigated.　A　performance　-based　(PB)　vulnerability　probabilistic　assessment　framework　is　developed　which　combines　the　Monte　Carlo　simulation　(MCS)　with　a　full-scale　finite　element　(FE)　model　which　was　verified　with　test　results.　A　probabilistic　vulnerability　assessment　of　a　typical　RC　pier　subjected　to　stochastic　blast　loading　is　conducted,　and　the　vulnerability　curve　corresponding　to　three　performance　levels　is　developed.　In　addition,　the　damage　modes　and　post-blast　performance　of　the　RC　pier　under　blast　loading　are　analyzed.　Results　show　that　the　blast-induced　damage　to　an　RC　pier　had　a　significant　influence　on　the　axial　bearing　capacity,　and　the　pier　presents　different　damage　modes　at　different　scaled　distances,　which　has　a　critical　value　of　0.65　m/kg1/3　between　local　and　global　damage　modes.　The　failure　probability　of　the　pier　corresponding　to　different　performance　levels　increased　with　an　increase　in　the　TNT　charge.　The　pier＇s　probability　of　collapse　is　less　than　20　%　when　the　TNT　charge　weight　does　not　exceed　500　kg.