Lithium-ion　batteries　(LIBs)　play　a　key　role　in　advancing　electromobility.　With　an　increasing　trend　in　the　demand　for　LIBs,　the　sustainability　prospect　of　LIBs　lifecycle　faces　many　challenges　that　require　proactive　approaches.　There　are　various　sustainability　challenges　and　risks　across　the　supply　and　value　chains　of　LIBs　from　mining,　material　supplies　to　Original　Equipment　Manufacturers　(OEMs),　users　to　final　disposal.　Risks　are　for　example　the　increased　raw　material　demands　as　well　as　some　economic　risks　due　to　price　increment　or　political　instabilities　in　some　countries　within　the　raw　material　supply　chain.　Despite　the　promising　research　efforts　on　the　performance　metrics　of　LIBs　and　advancing　the　technology,　the　research　on　the　various　aspects　of　sustainability　of　LIBs　and　its　life　cycle　are　still　in　its　infancy　and　require　closer　attention.　As　the　editorial　of　the　Special　Issue　on　sustainable　supply　and　value　chains　of　EV　batteries,　this　article　presents　some　of　the　most　pressing　challenges　of　EV　LIBs　across　the　different　stages　of　its　life　cycle.　It　covers　issues　from　supply　and　demand　of　the　battery　raw　materials,　battery　manufacturing,　use,　and　end-of-life　treatments.　Within　this　context　the　reported　findings　of　some　20　different　research　teams　from　across　the　globe,　the　state-of-the-art,　technical　or　policy　gaps　in　EV　LIBs　research　and　development　are　presented,　as　well　as　market　instruments　such　as　innovative　business　models,　and　governmental　interventions　like　subsidies　or　regulations.　We　grouped　the　materials　presented　into　five　main　themes　(1)　EV　and　LIB　materials　demand　projections　(2)　EV　LIBs　international　trade　risk　(3)　EV　battery　regulation　and　adoption　(4)　EV　LIBs　life　cycle　assessment　(5)　and　EV　LIBs　reverse　logistics.　We　conclude　by　discussing　some　future　research　challenges　such　as　the　need　for　more　reliable　and　applicable　prediction　models　that　use　accurate　data　on　EV　stock　and　end-of-life　EVs.　Finally,　we　argue　that　more　collaboration　between　academia,　manufactures,　OEMs　and　the　battery　recycling　industry　is　needed　to　implement　successful　circular　economy　strategies　to　achieve　environmentally　friendly,　flexible　and　cost-efficient　battery　supplies,　use　and　recycling　processes.