Quorum　sensing　(QS)　and　quorum　quenching　(QQ)　are　common　phenomena　in　microbial　systems　and　play　an　important　role　in　the　nitrification　process.　However,　rapidly　start　up　partial　nitrification　regulated　by　N-acyl-homoserine　lactones　(AHLs)-mediated　QS　or　QQ　has　not　been　reported.　Hence,　we　chose　N-butyryl　homoserine　lactone　(C-4-HSL)　and　N-hexanoyl　homoserine　lactone　(C-6-HSL)　as　the　representative　AHLs,　and　Vanillin　as　the　representative　quorum　sensing　inhibitor　(QSI)　combined　intermittent　aeration　to　investigate　their　effects　on　the　start-up　process　of　partial　nitrification.　The　start-up　speed　in　the　group　with　C-4-HSL　or　C-6-HSL　addition　was　1.42　or　1.26　times　faster　than　that　without　addition,　respectively.　Meanwhile,　the　ammonium　removal　efficiency　with　C4-HSL　or　C6-HSL　addition　was　increased　by　13.87%　and　17.30%　than　that　of　the　control　group,　respectively.　And,　partial　nitrification　could　maintain　for　a　certain　period　without　AHLs　further　addition.　The　increase　of　Nitrosomonas　abundance　and　ammonia　monooxygenase　(AMO)　activity,　and　the　decrease　of　Nitrobacter　abundance　and　nitrite　oxidoreductase　(NXR)　activity　were　the　reasons　for　the　rapid　start-up　of　partial　nitrification　in　the　AHLs　groups.　Vanillin　addition　reduced　AMO　and　hydroxylamine　oxidoreductase　(HAO)　activity,　and　increased　Nitrobacter　abundance　and　NXR　activity,　thus　these　were　not　conducive　to　achieving　partial　nitrification.　Denitrifying　bacteria　(Hydrogenophaga,　Thauera　and　Aquimonas)　abundance　increased　in　the　Vanillin　group.　QS-related　bacteria　and　gene　abundance　were　elevated　in　the　AHLs　group,　and　reduced　in　the　Vanillin　group.　Function　prediction　demonstrated　that　AHLs　promoted　the　nitrogen　cycle　while　Vanillin　enhanced　the　carbon　cycle.　This　exploration　might　provide　a　new　technical　insight　into　the　rapid　start-up　of　partial　nitrification　based　on　QS　control.