In　order　to　reduce　the　loss　of　anaerobic　ammonia　oxidation　(anammox)　sludge　and　stabilize　the　reaction　microenvironment,　polyvinyl　alcohol　-　polypropylene　(PVA-PP)　was　used　to　encapsulate　anammox　bacteria　on　a　filler.　The　influence　of　different　inoculation　amounts　(2,　4,　6　and　8%)　on　the　overall　nitrogen　removal　process　was　first　compared　and　then　the　anammox　characteristics　of　the　immobilized　filler　under　the　influence　of　different　environmental　factors　were　evaluated　through　batch　experiments.　The　results　show　that　the　biomass　only　affected　the　growth　rate　of　the　activity　during　the　logarithmic　phase,　while　the　total　nitrogen　removal　rate　(NRR)　tended　to　be　similar　after　99　d　of　culture.　The　NRR　reached　1.83　kg.(m(3).d)(-1)　on　day　140,　which　was　9.4　times　that　of　suspended　sludge　before　encapsulation,　and　the　structure　of　embedding　filler　was　complete　without　shedding.　Scanning　electron　microscopy　(SEM)　showed　that　the　internal　porous　network　structure　formed　channels　and　a　large　number　of　anammox　bacteria　were　observed　around.　Microbial　community　analysis　of　the　16S　rDNA　gene　showed　that　the　diversity　was　maintained　in　the　entrapped　carrier.　Furthermore,　the　effective　enrichment　of　the　anammox　functional　bacteria　Candidatus　Kuenenia　(AF375995.1)　increarsed　from　11.06%　to　32.55%.　The　PVA-PP　immobilized　filler　fit　well　with　the　biological　nitrogen　removal　kinetic　model　and　could　also　achieve　coupling　of　anammox　and　denitrification.　The　inhibition　effect　of　the　organic　carbon　source　interference　and　starvation　on　anammox　bacteria　was　significantly　weakened.　(C)　2019　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.