The　connection　quality　of　the　bolted　joints　directly　determines　the　service　performance　and　reliability　of　the　structure.　However,　there　will　always　be　a　certain　degree　of　loss　in　the　bolt　clamping　force　during　the　long-term　service,　accompanied　by　degradation　of　the　mechanical　performance.　Herein,　the　experimental　study　on　the　single　bolt　connection　was　carried　out　to　analyze　the　evolution　process　of　dynamic　performance.　The　clamping　force　was　continuously　monitored　after　tightening　to　obtain　a　quantitative　analysis　of　its　loss　with　and　without　external　loads.　The　loosening　curves　of　the　clamping　force　with　the　service　time　was　established　respectively　considering　the　main　influencing　factors.　Transverse　cyclic　loads　were　applied　to　obtain　the　service　loosening　data　of　the　bolt　clamping　force.　The　dynamic　performance　characterization　parameters　of　the　structure　under　different　clamping　forces　were　obtained　through　the　modal　test.　On　the　basis　of　established　force-performance　relationship,　the　service　conditions　of　the　connection　structure　were　evaluated　to　propose　a　performance　evolution　equation　that　varies　over　time.　A　comprehensive　understanding　of　the　service　and　evolution　process　of　bolted　joint　was　obtained　through　the　experiment　and　analysis　in　this　work.　It　provides　an　important　reference　significance　in　the　performance　prediction　and　control　of　bolted　joints,　which　can　help　design　a　more　reasonable　structure.　Copyright　©　2022　by　ASME.