There　are　many　organisms　with　hollow　cavity　structure　in　nature,　such　as　vesicles,　viruses,　cells　and　so　on.　The　hollow　structure　of　these　substances　all　present　very　unique　properties,　due　to　the　combination　with　their　own　transmembrane　proteins,　sensitive　pore　channels　and　recognizable　functions.　By　analogy　to　the　field　of　material　science,　materials　with　appropriate　hollow　structure　have　broad　application　prospects　in　a　series　of　areas,　such　as　chemistry,　physics,　life　science　and　material　science,　which　has　also　attracted　extensive　attention　of　researchers.　Hollow　micro/nanostructure　is　a　special　kind　of　micro/nano　materials,　which　is　named　according　to　its　morphology,　meaning　＇there　is　a　hole　or　empty　space　inside＇.　Hollow　micro/nanostructures　can　be　classified　from　different　perspectives.　For　example,　according　to　the　different　overall　shape　can　be　divided　into　hollow　spheres,　tubes,　fibers,　boxes　and　so　on.　Depending　on　the　number　of　shells,　they　can　be　called　single-shell,　double-shell　and　multi-shell　(or　wall)　hollow　structures.　Considering　the　different　composition　of　shell　structure,　they　can　be　divided　into　organic　and　inorganic　hollow　micro/nanostructures,　or　more　specifically　into　polymer,　ceramic,　metal　and　composite　hollow　structures.　Hollow　structure　has　high　intrinsic　value　in　basic　research　and　practical　application.　Because　of　the　existence　of　cavity,　the　surface　area　of　hollow　structure　increases　significantly,　but　the　density　of　hollow　structure　is　much　lower　than　that　of　solid　structure　with　the　same　composition　and　size.　These　properties　make　hollow　structure　nanomaterials　widely　used　in　catalysis,　controlled　release,　confined　synthesis,　optoelectronics,　energy　storage,　environmental　protection,　and　so　on.　Therefore,　hollow　structure　nanomaterials　have　become　a　hotspot　of　interdisciplinary　research.　In　recent　years,　the　discovery　of　fullerenes,　carbon　nanotubes　and　graphene　has　changed　people’s　limited　understanding　of　carbon　materials,　and　these　new　structures　have　aroused　people’s　attention　to　carbon　materials.　Carbon　materials　with　hollow　structure,　because　of　their　special　surface　physicochemical　properties　(such　as　special　surface　electrical　properties,　hydrophobicity,　functionality　and　pore　structure)　which　are　different　from　other　hollow　materials,　have　become　very　competitive　candidates　for　the　construction　of　hollow　micro/nanoreactor.　As　one　of　the　most　important　steps　in　chemical　engineering,　it　is　very　important　to　design　an　appropriate　reactor　and　optimize　the　operating　conditions.　In　the　field　of　material　science,　the　designed　micro/nano　reactor　can　improve　the　reaction　efficiency　and　selectivity　in　the　future　because　of　its　similar　structure　to　living　cells.　These　＇artificial　cells＇　can　even　exhibit　excellent　sintering　stability　at　high　temperatures.　In　this　paper,　the　construction　strategies　of　carbon-based　micro/nano　hollow　structure　are　discussed,　including　template　method,　chemical　vapor　deposition,　liquid　phase　method　and　some　other　methods.　Furthermore,　the　applications　of　these　hollow　materials　used　as　micro/nano　reactor　are　documented.　For　carbon-based　hollow　nanoreactor,　the　implantation　of　catalytic　active　sites,　such　as　the　inner　and　outer　surfaces　of　carbon　shell,　the　voids　and　cavities　of　carbon　particles,　can　be　controlled　in　different　space　locations　to　achieve　the　best　catalytic　performance.　Therefore,　according　to　the　different　microstructures　and　compositions　of　carbon　hollow　structure　catalysts,　various　carbon-based　micro/nano　hollow　reactors　were　designed,　including　carbon-based　hollow　nanoreactors　functionalized　by　heteroatoms　or　functional　groups,　supported　hollow　nanoreactors　and　egg　yolk-shell　carbon　nanoreactors,　in　order　to　meet　different　catalytic　requirements.　Different　components　in　the　micro/nano-reactor　can　be　organically　combined　together,　and　have　synergistic　effect　while　maintaining　their　respective　properties,　showing　the　excellent　effect　of　＇one　plus　one　is　greater　than　two＇.　©　2019,　Science　Press.　All　right　reserved.