The　rapid　growth　of　the　civil　aviation　industry　results　in　significant　carbon　dioxide　(CO2)　emissions.　Aircraft　contribute　to　the　degradation　of　near-airport　air　quality　during　the　landing　and　take-off　(LTO)　cycle.　Several　new　taxiing　methods　are　used　to　reduce　fuel　consumption　and　emissions　of　aircraft　during　the　taxiing　phase.　This　study　compares　various　taxiing　methods　and　analyzes　the　flight　operation　procedures　in　different　taxiing　methods,　followed　by　the　local　environment　impacts　assessment　of　these　methods.　Based　on　actual　operational　data　from　Xining　International　Airport,　China,　comparisons　of　fuel　consumption　and　pollutant　emissions　are　performed　for　five　taxiing　methods:　full-engine　taxiing,　single-engine　taxiing,　dispatch　towing,　onboard　systems　and　optimization　of　surface　traffic　management.　The　results　show　that　new　taxiing　methods　can　reduce　both　fuel　consumption　and　pollutant　emissions　compared　to　the　traditional　taxiing　method,　i.e.,　full-engine　taxiing.　Emissions　reduction　effect　of　new　taxiing　methods　varies　by　aircraft　type.　Onboard　systems　show　the　best　performance　in　energy　saving　and　emissions　reduction.　In　addition,　the　carbon　peaking　potential　of　each　taxiing　method　is　explored　by　projecting　carbon　emissions　from　2024-2035　using　new　taxiing　methods.　The　projections　show　that　new　taxiing　methods　must　be　combined　with　other　carbon　abatement　technologies　to　achieve　carbon　peaking.