Unlike　previous　historic　district　renovation　designs　that　focused　on　historical　forms,　this　study　fo-cuses　on　residents＇　comfort　and　compares　the　design　methods　in　the　same　city.　This　paper　ex-plores　performance　optimization　strategies　for　traditional　villages　in　urban　historic　districts　and　traditional　suburban　villages　in　Beijing,　China.　The　techniques　used　in　this　study　include　site　sur-veys,　indoor/outdoor　measurements,　parametric　design,　and　performance　simulation.　The　study　proposes　improving　building　performance　from　macro,　meso,　and　micro　scales.　The　results　show　that　the　layout　of　urban　historic　districts　should　be　north-south　on　the　macro　scale.　The　best　solu-tion　to　the　vernacular　building　layout　in　the　suburbs　is　the　north-south　layout.　On　the　mesoscale,　the　triangular　area　in　front　of　the　main　building　provides　optimal　thermal　comfort　throughout　the　year.　On　the　micro-scale,　the　critical　values　for　eaves　are　proposed.　For　traditional　urban　build-ings,　the　width-to-length　ratio　should　be　0.6,　the　window-to-wall　ratio　should　be　0.6,　and　the　eave　depth　should　be　less　than　1.0　m.　The　suburban　courtyard＇s　width-to-length　ratio　should　be　0.68.　For　a　building　with　a　window-to-wall　ratio　of　more　than　0.2　in　the　suburbs,　the　eave　depth　should　be　less　than　0.5　m.　The　proposed　design　strategies　can　provide　references　for　architects　and　planners　when　renovating　traditional　buildings　and　enhance　the　comfort　of　local　residents.