For　structures　subjected　to　external　excitation,　the　weak　layers　can　be　avoided　and　the　bearing　capacity　and　safety　can　be　improved　if　all　the　damage　degrees　or　the　relative　displacements　of　each　story　are　the　same,　i.e.,　the　uniform　damage　or　uniform　deformation　occurs.　It　is　significant　to　carry　out　structural　optimization　with　uniform　damage　as　the　optimization　objective.　The　bend-shear　structure　is　simplified　as　a　continuous　variable　cross-section　cantilever.　The　assumed　cross　section　functions　include　the　forms　of　a　natural　exponential　function　and　a　power　function.　The　external　excitation　such　as　earthquake　effects　and　wind　loads　are　idealized　to　three　load　modes,　that　is,　the　uniform　distribution,　the　inverted　triangle　distribution　and　the　inertia　correlation　distribution.　According　to　the　uniform　deformation　criterion,　to　make　the　second　derivative　of　the　absolute　displacement　curve　of　the　structure　equals　zero　is　taken　as　the　optimization　target.　The　continuous　displacement　equation　is　established　and　the　optimization　results　are　discussed.　The　analytical　solution　of　the　optimal　stiffness　and　the　cross　section　distribution　of　the　bend-shear　structure　is　obtained.　According　to　the　theoretical　and　numerical　results,　the　uniform　damage　can　be　realized　if　the　cross　section　function　is　taken　as　power　function,　and　the　optimal　distributions　of　stiffness　and　cross　sections　are　different　for　different　load　distribution　modes.　The　accuracy　and　the　practicability　of　the　analytical　solution　is　verified　by　static-dynamic　analysis　based　on　the　finite　element　method.　©　2018,　Engineering　Mechanics　Press.　All　right　reserved.