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To solve the truck and trailer routing problem (TTRP), an iterated variable neighborhood descent (IVND) algorithm was proposed. First, the T-cluster heuristic was implemented for generating an initial solution. Next, a VND based on multi-operator optimization was developed. In VND, the restricted neighborhood was introduced based on the idea of granular neighborhoods, and a perturbation strategy had been designed by switch-vehicle-type operator to help optimization escape from local minima. Computational results are reported for 21 test problems with 50~199 customers from Chao's benchmark and the results indicate that the proposed IVND algorithm could converge to the satisfactory solutions within the shortest computational time. In addition, the IVND is flexible, efficient and easy to implement, and could be extended to handle other variants of vehicle routing problem and other combinatorial optimization problem. © 2018, Editorial Board of Journal of Systems Engineering Society of China. All right reserved.
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