In　allusion　to　the　setting　mode　of　single　air　shaft,　taking　a　station　and　its　convergence　interval　of　Beijing　Metro　for　example,　the　dynamic　grid　simulation　method　of　computational　fluid　dynamics　software　FLUENT　15.0　was　adopted　to　study　the　influence　of　the　buried　depth　of　tunnel　on　the　ventilation　performance　of　subway　station　based　on　piston　effect.　Results　show　that,　when　the　buried　depth　of　tunnel　is　increased　from　15　m　to　35　m,　the　exhaust　air　through　ventilating　shaft　is　reduced　by　28.3%,　the　total　intake　air　through　the　ventilating　shaft　and　ground　access　is　reduced　by　26.6%.　When　the　buried　depth　of　tunnel　is　constant　and　the　cross-sectional　area　of　ventilating　shaft　is　increased　from　16　m2　to　25　m2,　the　exhaust　air　through　ventilating　shaft　increases　from　7849　m3　to　9814　m3,　the　total　intake　air　through　the　ventilating　shaft　and　ground　access　increases　from　4527　m3　to　4921　m3.　With　the　increase　of　the　buried　depth　of　tunnel,　appropriate　increase　in　the　cross-sectional　area　of　ventilating　shaft　can　effectively　overcome　the　problem　of　increasing　the　buried　depth　of　tunnel　but　weakening　effect　of　piston　wind　on　the　ventilation　performance　of　subway　station,　so　as　to　ensure　the　air　quality　of　subway　station.　©　2017,　Editorial　Department　of　China　Railway　Science.　All　right　reserved.