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作者:

Batra, Sarthak (Batra, Sarthak.) | Wang, Hewei (Wang, Hewei.) | Nag, Avishek (Nag, Avishek.) | Brodeur, Philippe (Brodeur, Philippe.) | Checkley, Marianne (Checkley, Marianne.) | Klinkert, Annette (Klinkert, Annette.) | Dev, Soumyabrata (Dev, Soumyabrata.)

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EI Scopus

摘要:

Engagement is an essential indicator of the Quality-of-Learning Experience (QoLE) and plays a major role in developing intelligent educational interfaces. The number of people learning through Massively Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and other online resources has been increasing rapidly because they provide us with the flexibility to learn from anywhere at any time. This provides a good learning experience for the students. However, such learning interface requires the ability to recognize the level of engagement of the students for a holistic learning experience. This is useful for both students and educators alike. However, understanding engagement is a challenging task, because of its subjectivity and ability to collect data. In this paper, we propose a variety of models that have been trained on an open-source dataset of video screengrabs. Our non-deep learning models are based on the combination of popular algorithms such as Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF). The deep learning methods include Densely Connected Convolutional Networks (DenseNet-121), Residual Network (ResNet-18) and MobileNetV1. We show the performance of each models using a variety of metrics such as the Gini Index, Adjusted F-Measure (AGF), and Area Under receiver operating characteristic Curve (AUC). We use various dimensionality reduction techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) to understand the distribution of data in the feature sub-space. Our work will thereby assist the educators and students in obtaining a fruitful and efficient online learning experience. © 2022 The Author(s)

关键词:

Learning systems E-learning Face recognition Principal component analysis Graphic methods Deep learning Convolution Stochastic systems Support vector machines Convolutional neural networks Students

作者机构:

  • [ 1 ] [Batra, Sarthak]ADAPT SFI Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
  • [ 2 ] [Wang, Hewei]Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
  • [ 3 ] [Nag, Avishek]School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Ireland
  • [ 4 ] [Brodeur, Philippe]Overcast, Dublin, Ireland
  • [ 5 ] [Checkley, Marianne]Camara Education, Dublin, Ireland
  • [ 6 ] [Klinkert, Annette]European Science Engagement Association, Vienna, Austria
  • [ 7 ] [Dev, Soumyabrata]ADAPT SFI Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
  • [ 8 ] [Dev, Soumyabrata]School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Ireland

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来源 :

Systems and Soft Computing

年份: 2022

卷: 4

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SCOPUS被引频次: 16

ESI高被引论文在榜: 0 展开所有

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