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The effect of carbon sources and chemical oxygen demand (COD)/NO2--N ratios on the anammoxdenitrification coupling process of the simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) biofilm was studied in batch tests. The SNAD biofilm reactor was fed with domestic wastewater and filled with Kaldnes rings. During the stable running period, good SNAD performance was achieved. The effect of COD/NO2--N ratios on the anammox-denitrification coupling process was studied with the carbon source of sodium acetate. Consequently, the NO2--N consumption via anammox was found to be reduced with the increase of COD/NO2--N ratio. With the COD/NO2--N ratios of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the corresponding NO2--N consumption via anammox were 87.1%, 52.2%, 29.3%, 23.7% and 16.3%, respectively. With the COD/NO2--N ranges of 0 to 2, the NO2--N consumption via anammox was above 50%, which indicated that good nitrogen removal performance was obtained. Besides, the effect of carbon sources on the anammox-denitrification coupling process was studied with the COD/NO2--N ratio of 5. With the carbon sources of sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium propionate and glucose, the corresponding NO2--N consumption via anammox were 16.3%, 37.1%, 74.1% and 76.8%, respectively. The SNAD biofilm could operate good nitrogen removal performance with the carbon sources of sodium propionate or glucose at the COD/NO2--N ratio of 5. © 2017, Editorial Board of China Environmental Science. All right reserved.
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