In　this　paper,　the　surface-enhanced　Raman　scattering　(SERS)　is　used　as　an　analytical　tool　for　the　detection　and　identification　of　pathogenic　bacteria　of　Escherichia　coli　(E.　coli)　and　Salmonella　typhimurium　(S.　typhimurium).　Compared　with　normal　Raman　signal,　the　intensity　of　SERS　signal　is　greatly　enhanced.　After　processing　all　SERS　data,　the　obvious　differences　between　the　SERS　spectra　of　two　species　are　determined.　And　applying　the　chemometric　tools　of　principal　component　analysis　and　hierarchical　cluster　analysis　(PCA-HCA),　the　SERS　spectra　of　two　species　are　distinguished　more　accurately.　The　results　indicate　that　SERS　analysis　can　provide　a　rapid　and　sensitive　method　for　the　detection　of　pathogenic　bacteria.　©　2015,　Tianjin　University　of　Technology　and　Springer-Verlag　Berlin　Heidelberg.