The　recycled　aggregate　concrete　shear　wall　with　expandable　polystyrene　(EPS)　insulation　modules　and　single　layer　of　reinforcement　was　proposed.　This　shear　wall　is　composed　of　insulation　blocks,　recycled　aggregate　concrete,　single　layer　of　reinforcement,　special　shaped　edge　columns,　and　mortar　layers.　Quasi-static　tests　of　two　full-scale　shear　wall　specimens　were　conducted　under　low-cycle　reversed　loading.　One　of　the　specimens　was　a　single-layer　reinforced　recycled　aggregate　concrete　shear　wall　with　EPS　insulation　blocks,　while　the　other　specimen　was　a　single-layer　reinforced　recycled　aggregate　concrete　shear　wall　without　heat　insulation　blocks.　Load-carrying　capacity,　ductility,　stiffness,　energy　dissipation,　and　failure　mechanism　were　compared.　The　shear　capacity　calculation　formula　of　single　layer　reinforced　recycled　aggregate　concrete　shear　wall　with　heat　insulation　blocks　was　proposed,　the　results　from　which　fit　well　with　the　test　results.　The　conclusions　are　drawn　that　single　layer　reinforced　recycled　aggregate　concrete　shear　wall　with　insulation　blocks　has　dramatically　increased　load-carrying　capacity,　lower　stiffness　degradation,　better　ductility,　and　significantly　higher　energy　dissipation　compared　with　one　without　insulation　blocks;　and　that　single　layer　reinforced　recycled　aggregate　concrete　shear　wall　with　insulation　blocks　could　be　used　in　low-rise　and　multi-story　buildings　in　the　rural　areas.　©,　2014,　Science　Press.　All　right　reserved.