An　evidence-based　control　strategy　for　emission　reduction　of　VOC　sources　can　effectively　solve　the　regional　PM　2.5　and　O　3　compound　pollution　in　China.　We　estimated　the　anthropogenic　VOC　emission　inventory　in　China　in　2018　and　established　a　source　profile　database　containing　129　sources　based　on　localized　detection　and　the　latest　research　results.　Then,　the　distribution　of　the　ozone　formation　potential　(OFP)　and　secondary　organic　aerosol　formation　potential　(SOAFP)　for　emission　sources　was　analyzed.　Moreover,　priority　control　routes　for　VOC　emission　sources　were　proposed　for　different　periods.　Anthropogenic　VOC　emissions　in　China　reached　27,211.8　Gg　in　2018,　and　small　passenger　cars,　industrial　protective　coatings,　biomass　burning,　heavy　trucks,　printing,　asphalt　paving,　oil　storage　and　transportation,　coking,　and　oil　refining　were　the　main　contributors.　Industrial　protective　coatings,　small　passenger　cars,　and　biomass　burning　all　contributed　significantly　to　OFP　and　SOAFP.　Priority　in　emission　reduction　control　should　be　given　to　industrial　protective　coatings,　small　passenger　cars,　heavy　trucks,　coking,　printing,　asphalt　paving,　chemical　fibers,　and　basic　organic　chemical　sources　over　the　medium　and　long　term　in　China.　In　addition,　the　priority　control　route　for　VOC　emission　sources　should　be　adjusted　according　to　the　variations　in　VOC　emission　characteristics　and　regional　differences,　so　as　to　obtain　the　maximum　environmental　benefits.(c)　2023　The　Research　Center　for　Eco-Environmental　Sciences,　Chinese　Academy　of　Sciences.　Published　by　Elsevier　B.V.