The　bee　structure　of　an　asphalt　binder　surface　changes　during　the　aging　and　rejuvenation　process,　and　the　effect　of　this　microstructural　change　on　the　mechanical　properties　of　the　asphalt　binder　is　not　clear.　Therefore,　in　this　paper,　a　two-dimensional　finite　element　model　of　an　asphalt　binder　microstructure　was　constructed　based　on　processed　AFM　images,　and　the　contents　of　bee　phases　and　bee　casings　were　varied　at　the　same　time　to　analyze　the　stress　and　strain　distribution　law　of　the　asphalt　binder　microstructure.　The　results　of　the　study　show　that　in　the　bee　structure,　the　stress　in　the　bee　phase　is　obviously　greater　than　that　in　the　bee　casing,　and　the　stress　in　the　interstitial　phase　is　the　lowest.　With　the　simultaneous　enhancement　in　the　proportion　of　the　bee　phase　and　the　bee　casing,　the　stresses　in　the　asphalt　samples　increased　in　all　phase　structures.　Under　the　combined　effect　of　the　decrease　in　the　content　of　the　bee　phase　and　the　increase　in　the　content　of　the　bee　casing,　there　is　a　certain　degree　of　increase　in　the　internal　stresses　and　strains　in　the　asphalt　binder,　the　effect　of　the　bee　casing　on　the　internal　stresses　in　the　asphalt　binder　is　more　pronounced,　and　the　bee　phase　and　the　bee　casing　play　better　roles　in　resisting　the　external　deformation　due　to　the　increase　in　the　volume　fraction.　For　a　recycled　asphalt　binder,　whether　there　is　an　increase　in　the　dosage　of　the　old　asphalt　binder　or　an　enhancement　in　the　interfacial　diffusion　and　a　fusion　of　new　and　old　asphalt　binders,　the　level　of　tensile　strain　within　the　recycled　asphalt　binder　will　increase　to　a　certain　extent,　which,　in　turn,　will　put　forward　a　higher　requirement　for　its　anti-cracking　ability.