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Author:

Liang, Zhaowen (Liang, Zhaowen.) | Ruan, Jiageng (Ruan, Jiageng.) | Wang, Zhenpo (Wang, Zhenpo.) | Liu, Kai (Liu, Kai.) | Li, Bin (Li, Bin.)

Indexed by:

EI Scopus SCIE

Abstract:

Thanks to the outstanding adaptability and relatively simple design process, machine learning-based energy management strategies (EMSs) show their superiority in reducing the energy consumption for multi-power powertrains. Given the popularity of distributed-drive in battery electric vehicles (BEVs), this study selects a dual-motor four-speed electric bus to investigate the proposed soft actor-critic (SAC)-based EMS. Two im-provements are made to the traditional SAC algorithm to meet the special requirements of EMS in a distributed-drive electric bus in this study. Firstly, the introduced combination of Gumbel-SoftMax and actor-network allows the SAC agents to explore the hybrid action space (discrete operating modes and continuous torque distribution coefficients). Secondly, a heuristic rule-interposing action controller (HRIAC) is involved to reduce illogical exploration of SAC agents in searching for optimal power distributing ratio. Simulation results demonstrate that Gumbel-SoftMax facilitates agents' exploration and narrows the energy consumption gap between the proposed EMS and the global optimal EMS, meanwhile, HRIAC accelerates the convergence of agent training. The comparative results of proposed EMS performance in unknown driving cycles show that the proposed EMS outperforms other deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based EMSs in adaptability, which is taken as a solid foundation for energy efficiency improvement of dual-motor electric bus in practice.

Keyword:

RL DDPG EMS TD3 SAC

Author Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Liang, Zhaowen]Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
  • [ 2 ] [Wang, Zhenpo]Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
  • [ 3 ] [Li, Bin]Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
  • [ 4 ] [Liang, Zhaowen]Beijing Foton AUV New Energy Bus Co Ltd, Beijing 102200, Peoples R China
  • [ 5 ] [Liu, Kai]Beijing Foton AUV New Energy Bus Co Ltd, Beijing 102200, Peoples R China
  • [ 6 ] [Ruan, Jiageng]Beijing Univ Technol, Dept Mat & Mfg, Beijing 100020, Peoples R China
  • [ 7 ] [Li, Bin]Changan Univ, Sch Automobile, Xian 710021, Shaanxi, Peoples R China

Reprint Author's Address:

  • [Ruan, Jiageng]Beijing Univ Technol, Dept Mat & Mfg, Beijing 100020, Peoples R China;;

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Related Keywords:

Source :

ENERGY

ISSN: 0360-5442

Year: 2023

Volume: 288

9 . 0 0 0

JCR@2022

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count: 10

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 2

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