Trade　between　regions　not　only　brings　about　the　exchange　of　goods　and　services　but　also　leads　to　the　transfer　of　emissions.　As　one　of　the　larger　emitting　industries,　the　unequal　exchange　between　environmental　costs　and　economic　benefits　embodied　in　trade　of　the　Construction　industry　has　rarely　been　quantified.　This　paper　applied　a　multi-regional　input-output　model　to　quantify　the　Construction-related　carbon　footprint　(CF)　and　carbon　emission　flows　among　Chinese　provinces.　Subsequently,　a　regional　environmental　index　was　built　to　investigate　the　unbalanced　exchange　between　Construction-related　environmental　costs　and　economic　benefits　embodied　in　the　interprovincial　trade.　We　found　that　the　provincial　per　capita　CF　of　Construction　was　unevenly　distributed,　with　wealthier　coastal　regions　generally　having　larger　CF　than　poor　inland　regions.　Compared　with　inland　provinces,　coastal　ones　have　gained　more　economic　benefits　and　lower　environmental　pressure.　For　example,　over　75%　of　Construction-related　carbon　emissions　in　wealthier　provinces　(Beijing　and　Shanghai)　were　outsourced,　while　60%　of　the　value-added　triggered　by　these　provinces＇　Construction　was　retained　within　the　region.　However,　with　the　progress　of　technology　and　the　optimization　of　trade　structure,　the　REI　index　decreased　by　about　30%　during　2012-2017.　This　inequality　problem　gradually　alleviated.　Addressing　these　inequality　issues　could　provide　a　basis　for　developing　mitigation　strategies　across　different　provinces　in　the　Construction　industry.