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Multivariate longitudinal data is often encountered in the jobs of statisticians and practitioners. It is challenging to model the covariance matrix due to the complex structure of correlations among multiple responses. For this modeling task, several effective Cholesky decomposition based methods have been studied. However, direct interpretation of the covariation structure among multiple responses is still less well investigated to the best of our knowledge. In this paper, we propose a joint mean-variance correlation modeling method based on the triangular angles parameterization (TAP) for the correlation matrix of bivariate longitudinal data. The proposed unconstrained parameterization is able to automatically eliminate the positive definiteness constraint of the correlation matrix and leads to the aforementioned direct interpretation. Furthermore, the variance matrix is diagonal rather than block-diagonal, so the positive-definiteness constraint of this matrix can be easily satisfied. The entries of the proposed decomposition are modeled by regression models, and the maximum likelihood estimators of regression parameters are obtained. The resulting estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. Simulations and a study of poplar growth illustrate that the proposed method performs well.
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