In　order　to　evaluate　the　behavior　of　reinforced　concrete　(RC)　rectangular　hollow　cross-section　of　bridge　piers　under　axial　compression　and　biaxial　bending,　the　paper　derives　the　calculation　formula　for　loading　capacity　and　moment-curvature　relationship　according　to　the　distribution　type　of　neutral　axial.　The　loading　capacity　and　rotation　ductility　of　the　bottom　control　section　of　three　RC　specimen　bridge　piers　with　rectangular　hollow　cross-section　under　different　axial　compression　ratio,　reinforcement　ratio　and　stirrup　ratio　are　analyzed　based　on　these　calculation　formulas.　The　Mx-My　curves　and　moment-curvature　curves　are　obtained　under　a　given　constant　axial　force.　The　theoretical　analytical　results　are　proved　to　be　accurate　through　a　comparison　with　experimental　results　of　cyclic　testing　of　three　RC　bridge　pier　specimens　under　axial　compression　and　biaxial　bending.　The　load　capacity　and　deformation　of　continuous　rigid　frame　bridge　with　RC　rectangular　hollow　cross-section　columns　are　analyzed.　The　results　show　that　the　coupling　effect　between　Mx　and　My　reduces　the　load　capacity　of　bridge　piers　and　the　design　for　hollow　cross-section　is　unsafe　considering　uniaxial　load　and　bending　only.　With　the　increasing　of　the　angle　between　neutral　axial　and　one　principle　direction,　the　ultimate　moment　and　curvature　along　that　direction　increase,　while　along　the　perpendicular　direction　they　decrease.　The　research　results　can　be　utilized　for　seismic　design　and　behavior　evaluation　of　RC　bridge　columns　with　rectangular　hollow　cross-section.　©,　2015,　Tsinghua　University.　All　right　reserved.