A　solar　greenhouse　is　an　agricultural　facility　used　for　winter　vegetable　production.　Its　unique　structure　creates　a　superior　heat　environment　in　winter.　Soil　temperature　plays　a　pivotal　role　in　the　root　growth　of　greenhouse　crops　and　serves　as　a　crucial　indicator　for　assessing　solar　greenhouse　performance.　However,　due　to　the　interplay　of　soil　temperature　with　the　structural　features　of　the　solar　greenhouse　and　the　complex　relationship　between　outdoor　meteorological　conditions,　understanding　the　soil　temperature　variation　pattern　inside　the　greenhouse　is　challenging.　To　gain　deeper　insights　into　the　soil　temperature　distribution,　this　study　presents　a　computational　model　based　on　experimental　measurements　and　the　principles　of　thermal　conductivity　differential　equations　for　semiinfinite　walls.　Additionally,　it　analyzes　the　influence　of　different　regions　and　weather　conditions　on　greenhouse　soil　temperature　in　conjunction　with　the　growth　patterns　of　greenhouse　crops,　and　proposes　three　measures　for　its　improvement.　The　results　demonstrate　the　accuracy　of　soil　temperature　calculation　models　at　depths　of　0.10　m,　0.20　m,　0.30　m,　and　0.50　m,　with　RMSEs　of　0.54　degrees　C,　0.41　degrees　C,　0.32　degrees　C,　and　0.17　degrees　C,　respectively.　The　period　when　soil　temperature　in　Beijing　cannot　meet　crop　growth　primarily　falls　between　January　7th　and　January　20th.　By　implementing　measures　such　as　changing　the　front　roof　material,　adopting　an　optimal　spatial　form,　and　modifying　the　wall　structure,　soil　temperatures　can　be　increased　by　0.78　degrees　C,　0.74　degrees　C,　and　0.36　degrees　C,　respectively.　When　all　three　measures　are　employed　simultaneously,　soil　temperatures　can　be　raised　by　an　average　of　2.13　degrees　C　in　winter.　This　proposed　model　can　calculate　the　soil　temperature　in　the　greenhouse　when　outdoor　meteorological　conditions　are　known.　The　findings　of　this　study　offer　valuable　insights　for　optimizing　the　design　of　solar　greenhouses　and　creating　an　ideal　thermal　environment.