To　promote　the　engineering　applications　of　anaerobic　ammonium　oxidation　(ANAMMOX)　for　sewage　treatment,　nitrogen　removal　rate　and　key　operational　parameters　were　studied　in　two　typical　filters　with　ceramsite　or　volcanic　rock　as　filter　media　were　studied.　The　obtained　results　showed　that　the　anammox　biofim　in　both　biofilters　was　successfully　cultivated　after　10　days　of　inoculation.　Filter　media　and　backwash　both　played　important　role　in　achieving　stable　anammox　in　biofilter.　At　low　filtration　velocity,　in　both　biofilter,　not　only　nitrogen　removal　rate　was　almost　similar,　but　also　water　backwash　and　long　backwash　cycle　were　optimal.　However,　at　high　filtration　velocity,　volcanic　rock　biofilter　was　more　easily　blocked　up　than　ceramsite　biofilter.　The　effective　depth　of　filter　layer　in　volcanic　rock　biofilter　was　also　thinner　than　that　in　ceramsite　biofilter.　Besides,　air+water　backwash　style　was　optimal,　backwash　cycle　should　be　shortened　and　backwash　time　should　be　prolonged.　Filtration　velocity　in　both　biofilters　should　be　controlled　lower　than　2　mh-1.　The　highest　nitrogen　removal　loading　rate　in　volcanic　rock　biofilter　and　ceramsite　biofilter　were　3.81　kgm-3·d-1　and　3.56　kgm-3·d-1,　respectively.　©,　2015,　Chemical　Industry　Press.　All　right　reserved.