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In order to estimate the safety of the RC bridge columns with hollow section under biaxial bending, the calculation formulas for axial compression capacity and bending moment were proposed according to the distribution forms of neutral axis for rectangular RC hollow section under biaxial bending. The 3D interaction yield surface diagram of P-Mx-My was presented by numerical simulation. The simplified formula for ultimate bearing capacity calculation was obtained based on the Bresler ultimate strength theory for the RC bridge columns with rectangular hollow section with axial compression ratio less than 0.3 and under biaxial bending. The results show that the safety check result obtained by the 3D yield surface diagram is accordance with the observed experimental phenomena of tested RC bridge columns. The proposed formula is proved to be accurate to estimate the safety of rectangular hollow cross section under biaxial bending.
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