Interdependent　infrastructure　systems　play　a　critical　role　in　the　normal　operation　and　postdisaster　emergency　response　in　modern　cities.　However,　they　are　vulnerable　to　earthquakes　throughout　their　service　life,　resulting　in　substantial　economic　losses　and　public　safety　concerns.　The　threat　posed　by　earthquakes　underscores　the　necessity　of　implementing　risk　mitigation　strategies.　In　this　paper,　an　emergency　resilience-driven　decision　model　is　proposed　to　address　the　optimization　problem　of　seismic　retrofitting　of　infrastructure　systems.　Two　types　of　interdependencies　are　introduced　to　reflect　the　interaction　within　the　infrastructure　systems.　Then,　a　resilience　metric　based　on　weighted　emergency　connectivity　efficiency　is　defined　to　evaluate　the　ability　of　a　community　to　provide　emergency　services　under　earthquake　risks.　In　addition,　a　mathematical　model　and　its　solution　algorithm　are　developed　to　maximize　emergency　resilience　benefits　while　minimizing　retrofitting　costs,　considering　resource　and　probabilistic　performance　constraints　during　the　emergency　response　phase.　To　demonstrate　the　applicability　of　the　decision　model,　a　case　study　is　conducted　on　the　Centerville　community　under　seismic　hazard.　The　results　demonstrate　the　effectiveness　of　the　decision　model　in　evaluating　community　emergency　resilience　and　identifying　retrofit　strategies　that　align　with　both　resilience　benefits　and　cost　optimization　criteria.　Additionally,　the　sensitivity　analysis　results　indicate　that　the　intensity　of　interdependency　may　significantly　affect　the　optimal　seismic　retrofit　strategies　and　associated　resilience　benefits.