An　air　compression　refrigeration　performance　calculation　model　applied　to　data　center　cooling　was　established,　which　is　a　reverse　Brayton　cycle　system,　the　operation　performance　was　studied　by　numerical　simulation　and　the　influence　of　supply　air　temperature,　ambient　temperature,　pressure　ratio,　data　center　room　temperature　was　analysed.　The　results　showed　that　when　the　pressure　ratio　of　the　air　compressor　is　1.3,　the　system　obtains　the　maximum　cooling　COP.　Heat　exchanger　efficiency　have　a　significant　effect　on　the　cooling　capacity　and　cooling　COP,　the　efficiency　of　the　heat　exchanger　increases　from　0.6　to　0.8,　and　the　increase　in　cooling　capacity　is　4.84　kJ/kg,　cooling　COP　increased　by　23.2%,　Compared　to　conventional　vapour　compression/loop　heat　pipe　natural　cooling　systems,　in　cold　regions,　the　annual　energy　efficiency　of　air　compression　refrigeration　can　reach　to　13.85.