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Author:

Liu, Chang (Liu, Chang.) | Gao, Jianlei (Gao, Jianlei.) | Zhang, Sulei (Zhang, Sulei.) | Zhang, Dingli (Zhang, Dingli.) | Li, Pengfei (Li, Pengfei.) | Liu, Daoping (Liu, Daoping.)

Indexed by:

EI Scopus SCIE

Abstract:

Understanding the time-dependent behavior of rocks has long been a critical challenge, hindered by complex multiscale failure mechanisms and time effects. Prolonged exposure to environmental factors such as groundwater and corrosive ions causes significant time-dependent behavior in the surrounding rock, posing potential risks to tunnel safety. In this study, the discrete element method was adopted to investigate the influence of environmental erosion on the time-dependent performance of rocks and mechanical response of tunnel linings at the structural level. To simulate rock erosion, an inhomogeneous erosion parallel bond model (IEPBM) was proposed, conceptualizing the erosion process as the gradual dissolution of bonding cementation between microscopic structures. The Weibull function was introduced to represent the inhomogeneous erosion of rock materials. The IEPBM was validated by comparing the simulation results with indoor tests, confirming the model's reliability. The model incorporated an updated bonding radius multiplier to simulate microstructural changes during erosion. Subsequently, the effects of the erosion degree, erosion rate, and inhomogeneity on the time-dependent mechanical behavior of the rock were explored. The results indicated that the creep behavior induced by environmental erosion was a macroscopic deformation process, with rock failure resulting from the accumulation of microscopic damage. The model successfully captured three creep stages: attenuation, stability, and acceleration. Additionally, erosion degree and rate significantly affected the multiscale creep properties of rocks, with highly inhomogeneous rocks potentially failing after relatively minor erosion. Finally, the time- dependent mechanical response of the tunnel lining owing to surrounding rock erosion was analyzed at the structural level. The erosion of the surrounding rock increases the stress on the lining, compromising the longterm safety of the tunnel structure and contributing to lining failures observed in modern tunnels.

Keyword:

Environmental erosion Long-term safety Surrounding rock Tunnel Creep behavior DEM

Author Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Liu, Chang]Qingdao Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Qingdao 266033, Peoples R China
  • [ 2 ] [Gao, Jianlei]Qingdao Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Qingdao 266033, Peoples R China
  • [ 3 ] [Zhang, Sulei]Qingdao Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Qingdao 266033, Peoples R China
  • [ 4 ] [Liu, Chang]Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Key Lab Urban Underground Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
  • [ 5 ] [Zhang, Dingli]Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Key Lab Urban Underground Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
  • [ 6 ] [Li, Pengfei]Beijing Univ Technol, Key Lab Urban Secur & Disaster Engn, Minist Educ, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China
  • [ 7 ] [Liu, Daoping]Qingdao Conson Second Jiaozhou Bay Subsea Tunnel C, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, Peoples R China

Reprint Author's Address:

  • [Zhang, Sulei]Qingdao Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Qingdao 266033, Peoples R China

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Source :

TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY

ISSN: 0886-7798

Year: 2025

Volume: 155

6 . 9 0 0

JCR@2022

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count: 1

SCOPUS Cited Count:

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 1

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