To　solve　the　problems　that　the　control　parameters　are　difficult　to　be　made　certain　and　the　non-ideal　motion　performance　of　snake　robot,　we　develop　a　bionic　autonomous　strategy　based　on　operant　conditioning　mechanism,　which　can　realise　autonomously　and　optimise　adjust　control　parameters.　The　designed　strategy　is　a　5-tuple　and　mainly　contains:　1)　state　space;　2)　action　space;　3)　state　transfer　function,　meaning　the　consequence　after　action;　4)　tendency　function;　5)　action　selection　strategy,　adjusting　the　selected　probability　of　each　action.　The　designed　bionic　strategy　is　applied　to　motion　control　of　snake　robot.　The　experiment　analysis　is　carried　out　combined　with　Webots　robot　simulation　software.　The　results　of　the　simulation　experiment　indicate　that　the　skill　of　autonomous　optimisation　adjustment　control　parameters　will　gradually　be　enhanced　with　the　learning　proceeding.　Copyright　©　2013　Inderscience　Enterprises　Ltd.