The　in　situ　properties　of　components　including　the　epoxy　matrix,　the　carbon　fiber　and　the　interlayer　of　the　carbon　fiber/epoxy　composites　were　examined　by　the　nanoindentation.　The　hardness,　Young＇s　modulus　and　creep　behavior　of　the　components　in　the　composites　were　obtained.　The　results　show　that　the　hardness　and　Young＇s　modulus　have　a　gradient　variation　from　the　epoxy　matrix　to　carbon　fiber.compared　with　the　intrinsical　value,　the　in　situ　Young＇s　modulus　of　the　fiber　has　a　decline,　and　the　Young＇s　modulus　of　the　matrix　exhibits　an　enhancement.　The　in　situ　properties　are　influenced　by　the　surface　residual　stress　due　to　mechanical　grinding　of　the　specimen　and　the　interaction　of　the　components　of　the　composites.　Moreover,　a　remarkable　change　of　creep　behavior　at　the　transition　zone　from　the　fiber　to　the　epoxy　matrix　is　found　in　the　present　nanoindentation　tests.