From　the　points　of　macroscopic　factors　such　as　economic　development　level,　population　number,　vehicle　ownership　and　road　condition,　the　regularities　of　traffic　accidents　at　home　and　abroad　were　analyzed.　The　relations　among　per　capita　GDP　and　vehicle　ownership　per　1　000　population,　mortality　per　10000　vehicles,　mortality　per　100　000　population　were　studied.　Based　on　macroscopic　econometrics　and　Cobb-Douglas　function,　the　panel　data　model　of　traffic　accident　was　set　up　by　using　the　historical　data　in　seven　countries.　Fixed　effect　model　and　random　effect　model　were　used　to　estimate　parameters　respectively,　Hausman　test　was　carried　out,　and　the　macroscopic　econometrics　models　of　traffic　accidents　for　the　seven　countries　were　set　up.　Calculation　result　shows　that　among　the　parameters　of　traffic　accidents,　mortality　per　100000　population　is　negative　correlation　with　per　capita　GDP　and　per　capita　road　length,　mortality　per　100000　population　is　positive　correlation　with　vehicle　ownership　per　1000　population.　Through　Hausman　test,　chi-square　distribution　value　is　3.91　when　freedom　is　3,　the　probability　is　0.02　and　less　than　the　confidence　level　which　is　0.05.　Compared　with　the　random　effect　model,　all　the　confidence　levels　of　variables　for　fixed　effect　model　are　less　than　0.05,　and　the　goodness　of　fit　is　better.　So　the　fixed　effect　model　is　effective.