The　development　of　sustainable　catalysts　to　simultaneously　improve　activity　and　selectivity　remains　a　challenge.　Herein,　it　is　demonstrated　that　metal　nanoparticles　(MNPs)　can　be　encapsulated　into　a　yolk-shell　metal-organic　framework　(MOF)　with　controllable　spatial　localization　to　optimize　catalytic　performance.　When　the　MNPs　are　located　in　the　void　space　between　the　shell　and　the　core　of　the　MOF,　the　resulting　MNPs@MOF　composites　show　both　high　catalytic　activity　and　selectivity　toward　the　hydrogenation　of　alpha,beta-unsaturated　aldehydes.　In　particular,　the　easily　recoverable　and　stable　Pt-void@MOF(Y)　shows　an　exceptionally　high　selectivity　of　98.2　%　for　cinnamyl　alcohol　at　a　high　conversion　of　97　%.　The　excellent　performance　can　be　attributed　to　easy　diffusion　of　the　reactants　to　access　highly　exposed　MNPs　in　the　MOF　support,　as　well　as　the　improved　adsorption　of　the　reactant　and　desorption　of　the　product　due　to　the　appropriate　metal-support　interaction　and　rich　void　space　between　core　and　shell.