Using　ionic　liquid　1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium　chloride　(AmimCl)as　reaction　media,　microcrystalline　cellulose　as　raw　material,　the　kinetics　of　homogeneous　acylation　of　cellulose　in　ionic　liquid　was　studied.　The　effect　of　initial　cellulose　hydroxyl　concentration　from　0.21　mol·L-1　to　0.85　mol·L-1　and　temperatures　from　353　K　to　373　K　on　the　acylation　rate　were　measured.　Results　showed　that　the　acylation　rate　increases　with　increasing　initial　cellulose　hydroxyl　concentration　and　reaction　temperatures.　The　reaction　kinetic　equations　were　determined　based　on　the　experimental　data.　The　reaction　order　for　both　acylation　by　acetic　anhydride　and　by　mixture　of　butyric　anhydride　and　acetic　anhydride　is　first-order,　and　their　apparent　activation　energies　are　19.03　kJ·mol-1　and　20.04　kJ·mol-1　respectively.　©　All　Rights　Reserved.