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Concerning the high cyclic variations and emissions of spark ignition (SI) engines at idle, this paper experimentally investigated the effect of hydrogen addition to a gasoline fueled SI engine on improving its idle performance. The experiment was performed on a modified 1.6 L SI engine equipped with an electronically controlled hydrogen port-injection system. The injection duration and timing of hydrogen and gasoline were governed by a self-developed electronic control unit. The hydrogen volumetric fraction in the total intake gas was gradually increased from 0% to 6.52%. At a specified hydrogen addition level, the gasoline flow rate was reduced to keep the engine operating under the stoichiometric condition. The test results demonstrated that the flame development and propagation durations were decreased with the increase of hydrogen adddition fraction. The coefficient of cyclic variations in indicated mean effective pressure was reduced from 9.97% of the original engine to 4.93% of the 6.52% hydrogen-enriched engine. NOx emissions were monotonously decreased with the increase of hydrogen addition. HC and CO emissions firstly decreased with the increase of hydrogen addition, however, when hydrogen volumetric fraction in the intake was larger than 4.88%, HC and CO emissions turned to increasing with the increase of hydrogen addition.
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