This　paper　presents　a　comprehensive　and　critical　review　of　studies　on　nucleate　pool　boiling　heat　transfer,　flow　boiling　heat　transfer,　critical　heat　flux　(CHF),　and　two-phase　flow　phenomena　with　nanofluids.　First,　general　analysis　of　the　available　studies　on　the　relevant　topics　is　presented.　Then,　studies　of　physical　properties　of　nanofluids　are　discussed.　Next,　boiling　heat　transfer,　CHF　phenomena,　and　the　relevant　physical　mechanisms　are　explored.　Finally,　future　research　needs　have　been　identified　according　to　the　review　and　analysis.　As　the　first　priority,　the　physical　properties　of　nanofluids　have　a　significant　effect　on　the　boiling　and　CHF　characteristics　but　the　lack　of　the　accurate　knowledge　of　the　physical　properties　has　greatly　limited　the　studies.　Fundamentals　of　boiling　heat　transfer　and　CHF　phenomena　with　nanofluids　have　not　yet　been　well　understood.　Flow　regimes　are　important　in　understanding　the　boiling　and　CHF　phenomena　and　should　be　focused　on.　Two-phase　pressure　drops　of　nanofluids　should　also　be　studied.　Furthermore,　economic　evaluation　of　the　enhancement　technology　with　nanofluid　should　be　considered　for　the　new　heat　transfer　enhancement　technology　with　nanofluids.　Finally,　applied　research　should　be　targeted　to　achieve　an　enabling　practical　heat　transfer　and　CHF　enhancement　technology　for　engineering　application　with　nanofluids.