In　order　to　conduct　research　on　the　residential　structures　of　multi-story　RC　shear　wall　with　single　row　of　steel　bars　and　make　comparative　study　on　the　seismic　performance　of　RC　shear　walls　with　single　row　of　steel　bars　and　that　with　double　rows　of　steel　bars,　an　experiment　has　been　introduced　in　the　paper,　in　which　an　earthquake　simulation　shaking　table　test　has　been　applied　to　a　4-story　model　of　1/4　scale.　In　the　model,　bi-directional　steel　bars　of　double　rows　have　been　designed　to　one　side　while　those　of　single　row　to　another.　The　model＇s　dynamic　characteristics　and　responses　of　acceleration,　deformation,　and　damage　features　under　different　level　earthquake　have　been　investigated.　From　the　experiment,　we　have　known　that　the　in-plane　seismic　performance　of　RC　shear　wall　with　single　row　of　steel　bars　is　better　than　that　of　double　rows,　while　out-plane　performance　of　them　are　similar　to　the　collaboration　of　the　flange　and　the　web.　Therefore,　RC　shear　walls　with　single　row　of　steel　bars　can　meet　the　seismic　demands　for　residential　structure　with　multi-story　RC　shear　walls　in　areas　of　seismic　intensity　7　or　8　degrees.