Construction　simulation　and　health　monitoring　of　the　steel　roof　of　Peking　University　Gymnasium　was　conducted.　Analytical　simulation　of　the　construction　process,　of　the　steel　roof　was　carried　out　by　using　the　finite　element　software　ANSYS.　Health　monitoring　mainly　involved　measurements　of　strains　of　members,　forces　of　steel　cables　and　displacements　of　joints.　The　measurement　data　indicated　the　health　monitoring　is　successful　and　the　roof　structure　is　safe.　Numerical　simulation　provided　theoretical　support　for　the　unloading　process　of　the　rigid　ring　of　the　steel　roof　after　adjustment　of　the　tension　scheme　of　the　pre-stressed　cables.　The　theoretical　values　and　the　measured　data　are　in　good　agreement,　which　validates　the　modelling　and　the　method.