Exosomes　contain　different　functional　bimolecular　characteristics　related　to　physiological　or　pathological　processes　and　are　now　recognized　as　new　biomarkers　in　different　human　cancers.　Rapid　detection　and　classification　of　cancer-related　exosomes　might　be　helpful　in　the　rapid　screening　of　patients　that　may　have　cancer.　Here,　we　report　a　surface　enhanced　Raman　scattering　technology　for　rapid　and　label-free　exosomal　detection　(Exo-SERS)　to　aid　in　the　discrimination　of　different　cancer　cells　based　on　specific　Raman　phenotypes　and　multivariate　statistical　analysis.　The　results　demonstrated　that　exosomes　derived　from　both　tumor　cells　and　normal　cells　exhibit　special,　unique　Raman　phenotypes.　Using　the　Exo-SERS　method,　the　cancer　cells　were　accurately　discriminated　from　normal　cells,　and　subtle　molecular　changes　between　the　different　cell　types　could　be　detected　with　high　sensitive.　This　research　provides　a　rapid,　label-free　and　non-destructive　manner　for　detecting　and　discriminating　between　cancer　types.