Traditional　villages　have　an　important　complementary　effect　on　the　current　refined　cities.　However,　many　ancient　villages　are　facing　the　dilemma　of　real　development　while　they　are　in　the　phase　being　gradually　declining.　The　aim　of　the　regeneration　of　the　traditional　village　is　processing　at　the　symbiotic　development　between　urban　and　rural　areas.　In　view　of　the　impact　of　village　declining　and　modern　economic　model　on　the　traditional　villages　as　well　as　the　in　heritage　of　ecological　wisdom　in　the　development　of　traditional　villages　together　with　the　construction　and　protection　of　traditional　villages.　The　study　of　two　typical　traditional　villages　in　China　and　Poland　with　＇Adaptive　Design＇　concept,　which　is　the　result　of　the　ecological　wisdom　of　ecological　adaptation　design　of　traditional　villages　and　the　ecological　wisdom　of　eco-village　tourism　development.　It　is　worth　to　put　forward　the　＇adaptive　design＇　principle　by　summing　up　the　low-destructive　renewable　and　sustainable　construction　of　traditional　villages　with　various　strategies.　Through　the　comparative　case　study　of　Chinese　and　Polish　traditional　villages,　their　commonalities　and　differences　were　studied　in　order　to　promote　the　ecological　landscape,　architectural　and　other　forms　of　cultural　heritage　in　the　traditional　ancient　villages　associated　with　the　heritage　protection,　rural　revitalization,　ancient　villages　development　along　with　the　Belt　and　Road　Initiative.　©　2020,　Springer　Nature　Switzerland　AG.