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This paper proposes an online energy management strategy for parallel plug-in hybrid electric buses (p-PHEBs) based on a hybrid vehicle-road model to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions. Firstly, models for the p-PHEB and energy consumption are formulated, respectively. Secondly, a hybrid vehicle-road model is established by using automata based on traffic information and vehicle motion modes. Then an online energy management strategy based on the hybrid vehicle-road model is proposed and implemented. Finally, the p-PHEB with the proposed strategy is simulated under two standard roads and a practical bus line with different time periods. Compared with two kinds of traditional online strategies, the simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy has better fuel economy and lower emissions. © 2016 IEEE.
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