The　service　life　of　asphalt　pavement　is　influenced　by　many　factors,　of　which　the　properties　of　asphalt　binder　are　the　most　important.　The　self-healing　properties　of　asphalt　binder　counteract　the　progression　of　fatigue　and　have　been　studied　using　experiments　and　molecular　dynamics　(MD)　simulations　by　numerous　researchers　to　ultimately　extend　the　service　life　of　asphalt　pavements.　In　this　paper,　asphalt　binder　is　separated　into　six　fractions　(saturates,　monoaromatics,　diaromatics,　polyaromatics,　resins,　and　asphaltenes).　Then　a　sixfraction　model　of　asphalt　binder　is　created　and　employed　to　investigate　the　self-healing　behavior　of　asphalt　binder.　The　effect　of　crack　width,　temperature,　and　state　of　molecular　aggregation,　as　well　as　aggregate　on　the　self-healing　process　of　asphalt　binder　is　studied　on　a　microscale　by　means　of　MD　simulations.　The　results　show　that　these　factors　have　influences　on　the　self-healing　behavior　of　asphalt　binder;　in　addition,　graphene　is　found　to　exhibit　some　positive　impacts　on　the　self-healing　process　of　asphalt　binder.