Rare　earth-cobalt　based　magnetic　materials　have　attracted　considerable　attention　due　to　their　large　anisotropy　eld　(HA),　high　saturation　magnetizations　(Ms),　and　high　Curie　temperatures　(TC).　As　the　first　generation　of　rare　earth-transition　metal　(RE-TM)　based　permanent　magnet,　SmCo5　possesses　extraordinary　high　anisotropy　led　over　240　kOe,　and　nanocrystalline　SmCo5　magnet　bears　coercivity　as　high　as　50　kOe　[1].　Furthermore,　the　high　TC　and　strong　corrosion　resistance　of　nanocrystalline　SmCo5　magnet　make　it　a　promising　candidate　for　practical　application　at　elevated　temperature.　Hot　deformation　technique　has　been　considered　as　one　of　the　effective　way　to　obtain　crystallographic　texture　and　thereby　magnetic　anisotropy　in　nanocrystalline　permanent　magnets.　Gabay　et　al　observed　enhanced　(00l)　diffraction　peak　of　SmCo5　phase　in　the　hot　deformed　Sm17Co83　magnet　[2],　indicating　a　formation　of　certain　degree　of　crystallographic　texture.　Yue　et　al　reported　that　signi-cantly　improved　texture　can　be　obtained　in　the　nanocrystalline　SmCo5　alloys　subjected　to　die　upsetting　at　a　very　high　degree　of　deformation　(more　than　85%　height　reduction)[3].　However,　the　mechanism　of　the　plastic　deformation　and　texture　formation　during　the　hot　deformation　process　is　not　clear　yet.　In　this　paper,　the　orientation　texture　of　both　grains　and　their　boundary　planes　in　the　nanocrystalline　SmCo5　anisotropic　magnet　have　been　characterized　by　using　the　electron　backscattered　diffraction　(EBSD)　technique.　Based　on　these　results,　effect　of　deformation　temperature　on　the　texture　and　magnetic　properties　has　been　discussed.　©　2015　IEEE.