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The scope of this paper is to depict the different modeling approaches used to simulate pedestrian evacuations. It involves several evacuation models, each of them using different simulation methods. Three main modeling elements account for the variations in the software output. These elements are related to: (a) the modeling method; (b) robustness of fire conditions input parameters during calibration; and, (c) the user＇s experience and understanding in applying appropriate safety factors when using only one model. Understanding these differences in assumptions will help the user determine which software program is appropriate for a given study. © 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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年份： 2014
页码： 2525-2533
语种： 英文
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