The　high　strain　rate　deformation　behavior　of　as-annealed　and　as-cold　rolled　pure　titanium　was　inspected　by　Split　Hopkinson　Pressure　Bar(SHPB).　The　effect　of　deformation　structure　on　adiabatic　shear　behavior　in　pure　titanium　was　analyzed　from　the　aspect　of　dynamic　mechanical　response　and　microstructural　evolution.　It　was　found　that　the　strong　{0001}　basal　texture　was　formed　in　as-cold　rolled　pure　titanium.　There　were　Geometrically　Necessary　Boundaries　(GNBs)　with　spacing　of　0.6μm　and　Incidental　Dislocation　Boundaries　(IDBs)　with　size　of　80nm　in　one　grain.　The　enhancement　of　adiabatic　shear　sensitivity　in　as-cold　rolled　titanium　was　attributed　to　the　deformation　induced　dislocation　boundaries.　The　core　of　adiabatic　shear　band(ASB)　was　full　of　fine　equiaxed　grains　with　average　size　of　0.4μm,　which　was　induced　by　dynamic　recrystallization.　©　(2014)　Trans　Tech　Publications,　Switzerland.