Because　of　the　characteristics　of　heavy-duty　machine　tools　such　as　large　self-weight　and　heavy　load,　the　working　precision　and　service　life　of　their　lathe　beds,　columns,　and　other　large　structural　parts　are　all　directly　influenced　by　the　foundation.　In　view　of　the　considerable　influence　of　joint　surfaces　on　system　characteristics,　this　study　involved　obtaining　joint　surface　parameter　values　from　a　microscopic　perspective,　deriving　a　static　joint　surface　parameter　model　from　Reynolds　equation,　adopting　fractal　theory　to　develop　a　bolted　joint　surface　parameter　model,　and　thus　completing　the　embedding　of　joint　surface　parameters　under　uneven　loads;　a　simulation　model　for　a　heavy-duty　machine　tool-foundation　system　was　also　devised　considering　the　influence　of　joint　surfaces.　To　identify　the　structural　micro-deformation　status　of　heavy-duty　numerical　control　machine　tool-foundation　systems,　the　authors　constructed　a　fiber　grating　technology-based　experimental　platform　for　detecting　the　deformation　of　structural　parts,　verified　the　correctness　of　the　above　simulation　model　via　experiments,　and　proposed　a　method　for　detecting　the　deformation　of　heavy-duty　machine　tool-foundation　systems　using　fiber　grating　technology.　Based　on　the　above　simulation　model,　the　influence　of　reinforced　layer　position,　foundation　outline　specifications　and　soil　properties　around　the　foundation　on　the　bearing　deformation　of　heavy-duty　machine　tool-foundation　systems　were　studied,　and　some　guidelines　on　the　construction　of　concrete　foundations　were　formulated.　This　model　and　the　related　detection　method　laid　a　theoretical　foundation　for　guiding　the　design　and　optimization　of　heavy-duty　machine　tool　structure　and　foundation.