Aluminum　is　an　essential　material　for　the　construction　and　development　of　national　economy,　however　the　GHG　(greenhouse　gas)emissions　caused　by　its　production　have　been　noticed　by　China＇s　government　gradually.　In　this　study,　the　life　cycle　energy　consumption　and　GHG　emissions　caused　by　the　production　of　primary　aluminum　in　different　years　in　China　were　calculated,　and　the　correlation　between　GHG　emissions　and　some　important　factors　i.e.　resource　consumption　and　procedure　energy　consumption　was　analyzed.　The　final　results　show　that　for　GHG　emissions,　electricity　is　the　major　contributor　that　accounts　for　68.5%　of　the　total,　followed　by　the　emissions　of　anode　effect　and　calcination　of　limestone,　which　accounts　for　7.9%　and　6.8%　respectively,　and　the　percentages　other　factors　account　for　less　than　6%.　The　results　also　show　that　the　calcination　of　limestone,　combustion　of　coal　gas　and　consumption　of　electricity　are　the　three　main　factors　which　have　the　largest　correlation　degree　with　GHG　emissions,　and　their　correlation　degrees　are　0.96,　0.94　and　0.90　respectively.　Therefore,　decreasing　the　consumption　of　coal　gas　and　improving　the　efficiency　of　the　calcination　of　limestone　are　effective　ways　to　decrease　the　GHG　emissions　of　primary　aluminum　production.　©　(2014)　Trans　Tech　Publications,　Switzerland.